RESUMO
Given the practicality and low cost of using elastic resistance in training for different populations and its effectiveness in a range of outcomes, a comparison with conventional devices could clarify and quantify the benefits provided by both mode. To compare the effects of resistance training with elastic devices (tubes and Thera-Bands) and conventional devices (weight machines and dumbbells) on the outcome muscular strength. A search was performed in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database), and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) from the earliest records up to 20 December 2017. Data were pooled into a meta-analysis and described as standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval (registration number: CRD42016042152). Eight studies were included. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated no superiority between the methods analyzed for lower limb (SMD = -0.11, 95% CI -0.40, 0.19, p = 0.48) or upper limb muscular strength (SMD=0.09; 95% CI -0.18, 0.35; p = 0.52) [corrected]. Elastic resistance training is able to promote similar strength gains to conventional resistance training, in different population profiles and using diverse protocols.
RESUMO
Abstract Introduction: Muscle injuries show an incidence associated with extreme stretching, or even a high-intensity eccentric contraction. Such injuries cause severe damage to athletes, including lower performance, withdrawal, and psychological distress. In this scenario, the study of effective preventive methods is an indispensable factor in the routine of professional athletes, to reduce the incidence of injuries. Objective: To verify the effectiveness of three different interventions (warm-up, neuromuscular training, and eccentric exercise) to prevent muscle injuries in the lower limbs. Method: We searched the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, and PubMed databases from the earliest records until January 20, 2018. The search was performed from word combinations such as clinical trial, muscle strain, injury prevention. The data related to the outcome of prevention were grouped in meta-analysis and described in Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval. Results: Sixteen studies were included: five assessed eccentric exercise, three investigated neuromuscular training, and eight observed warm-up. The eccentric exercise (RR = 3.49, 95% CI 2.36, 5.16, p < 0.00001) and the neuromuscular training (RR = 2.73, 95% CI 2.03, 2.68, p < 0.00001) showed significant effects on the prevention of muscle injuries in lower limbs. On the other hand, warm-up (RR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.92, 2.7, p = 0.10) was irrelevant in reducing the incidence of injuries in the body segment investigated. Conclusion: The outcomes presented provide clinical relevance inherent in the field practices, with intrinsic potential for practical application in the management of specific preventive techniques.
Resumo Introdução: Lesões musculares apresentam incidência associada à alongamento extremo, ou ainda, a uma contração excêntrica de alta intensidade. Tais lesões, acarretam prejuízos graves aos atletas que incluem queda de rendimento, afastamento e transtornos psicológicos. Neste cenário, o estudo de métodos preventivos eficazes, constituem fator indispensável na rotina de atletas profissionais, a fim de, reduzir a incidência de lesões. Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia de três diferentes intervenções (aquecimento, treinamento neuromuscular e exercício excêntrico) para prevenção de lesões musculares em membros inferiores. Método: Foram pesquisadas as bases de dados Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Sports Discus, PEDro e PubMed desde os registros mais antigos até 20 de janeiro de 2018. A busca foi realizada a partir de combinações de palavras, como, clinical trial, muscle strain, injury prevention. Os dados relacionados ao desfecho prevenção foram agrupados em meta-análise e descritos em Risk Ratio (RR) com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: Foram incluídos 16 estudos. Destes, cinco avaliaram o exercício excêntrico, três investigaram o treino neuromuscular e oito observaram o aquecimento. O exercício excêntrico (RR = 3.49; 95% CI 2.36, 5.16; p < 0.00001) e o treino neuromuscular (RR = 2.73; 95% CI 2.03, 2.68; p < 0.00001) demonstram efeitos significativos na prevenção de lesões musculares em membros inferiores. Por outro lado, o aquecimento (RR = 1.57; 95% CI 0.92, 2.7; p = 0.10) mostrou-se irrelevante na diminuição da incidência de lesões no segmento corporal investigado. Conclusão: Os desfechos apresentados fornecem relevância clínica inerente as práticas de campo, com potencial intrínseco para aplicação prática no manejo de técnicas preventivas específicas.
Resumen Introducción: Lesiones musculares presentan incidencia asociada al estiramiento extremo, o, a una contracción excéntrica de alta intensidad. Tales lesiones, acarrean graves daños a los atletas que incluyen caída de rendimiento, alejamiento y trastornos psicológicos. En este escenario, el estudio de métodos preventivos eficaces, constituyen un factor indispensable en la rutina de atletas profesionales, a fin de reducir la incidencia de lesiones. Objetivo: Verificar la eficacia de tres diferentes intervenciones (calentamiento, entrenamiento neuromuscular y ejercicio excéntrico) para prevención de lesiones musculares en miembros inferiores. Método: Se ha investigado la base de datos Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Sports Discus, PEDRO y PubMed desde los registros más antiguos hasta el 20 de enero de 2018. La búsqueda se realizó a partir de combinaciones de palabras, como, trial trial, prevención de la prevención. Los datos relacionados con el desenlace de prevención se agruparon en metaanálisis y se describieron em Risk Ratio (RR) con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Se incluyeron 16 estudios. De ellos, cinco evaluaron el ejercicio excéntrico, tres investigaron el entrenamiento neuromuscular y ocho observaron el calentamiento. El ejercicio excéntrico (RR = 3.49, 95% CI 2.36, 5.16, p < 0.00001) y el entrenamiento neuromuscular (RR = 2.73, 95% CI 2.03, 2.68, p < 0.00001) demuestran efectos significativos en la prevención de lesiones musculares en miembros inferiores. Por otro lado, el calentamiento (RR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.92, 2.7, p = 0.10) se mostró irrelevante en la disminución de la incidencia de lesiones en el segmento corporal investigado. Conclusión: Los resultados presentados proporcionan relevancia clínica inherente a las prácticas de campo, con potencial intrínseco para aplicación práctica en el manejo de técnicas preventivas específicas.
